Cumulative real GDP growth since the Maastricht Treaty

Index, 1992 = 100

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Real household consumption per capita

Constant PPP-adjusted 2021 USD

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Aggregate market capitalization, top 50 companies

Trillions of current USD

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Dealing with government

How founders rate the experience by countryOverall European-company mean: 5.41 = extremely difficult; 10 = extremely straightforward

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Would founders incorporate in the same country again?

Share incorporated in each country who would base a new company there today

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Monthly payment volume of AI businesses on Stripe

By company HQ country

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Data centre capacity by country

Gigawatts

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Stripe Economic Domicile Migration Index

Migrations per 10,000 KYU entitiesSeasonally-adjusted, 3-month moving average

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Nonbank credit to the private sector

Trillions of current USD

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What made founding hard

Founders scoring a European country 8 or below could select up to three sources of difficulty (or none)Percent

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Internal-market cross-region share of pays-ins volume

Percent of gross captured PIV

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Restructuring costs per employee, selected countries

Months of employee compensation

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Stablecoin circulating supply by currency peg, 2020–2025

Billions of current USD

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